From a reader…
QUAERITUR:
Dear Fr Zuhlsdorf,
I find myself again researching a matter that does not appear to be covered in the usual sources: the public veneration of relics.
As far as I am aware, there is no ‘rite’ for this per se (certainly not in the Rituale) but that for centuries it has been regulated by local custom.
I would be much obliged if you could point me in the direction of printed sources (or otherwise documented Roman customs) in relation to the public veneration of relics. In addition or alternatively, your views on rubricians for me to contact would be gratefully received.
There is a 2017 Instruction from the Congregation for the Causes of Saints called “Relics in the Church: Authenticity and Preservation”.
In short…
In the Latin Church, there is no single obligatory rite of exposition and veneration of relics comparable to the rite for exposition and Benediction of the Blessed Sacrament.
There are, however, several binding requirements and liturgical norms.
- The relic must be authentic. The Instruction states that relics of Blesseds and Saints may not be exposed for the veneration of the faithful without a certificate from competent ecclesiastical authority guaranteeing their authenticity.
- Public cult is permitted only for Saints and Blesseds. Canon 1187 provides: “It is permitted to reverence through public veneration only those servants of God whom the authority of the Church has recorded in the list of the saints or the blessed.” Thus, the bodily remains or personal effects of a Servant of God or Venerable may be preserved, but they may not be presented as relics for public ecclesiastical veneration before beatification.
- The relic must be displayed in a dignified place. It may be placed in a reliquary on a pedestal, table, shrine, or other suitably decorated place. It must not be placed upon the mensa of the altar, which is reserved for the Eucharistic Sacrifice and the Body and Blood of Christ.
- No particular gesture by the faithful is mandatory. The Directory explicitly recognizes such practices as kissing the reliquary, decorating it with lights and flowers, carrying it in procession, and taking it to the sick or dying. These actions must be conducted with dignity. A person may therefore pray before the relic, bow, make the Sign of the Cross, or kiss the reliquary. A genuflection ordinarily signifies adoration and should not be made to a saint’s relic as though it were the Blessed Sacrament.
- Incense is regulated when used at Mass. Incense is optional for relics. When a relic of a saint is exposed for public veneration during Mass, it is incensed – as per the Instruction – with two swings of the thurible, at the beginning of the celebration after the altar has been incensed. A relic of the Holy Cross receives three swings.
Consequently, a simple public veneration might consist of the authenticated relic being placed on a dignified stand with candles, perhaps with a reading and prayer invoking the saint’s intercession, perhaps a hymn or litany, and an opportunity for the faithful to approach and kiss the reliquary. It is possible that local dioceses have some legislation.
As a bonus, since today in the Vetus Ordo calendar is the Feast of St. Vincent de Paul, here is a 1st class relic of the saint which I am fortunate to have.

































